Exercise-stimulated glucose uptake - regulation and implications for glycaemic control
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Exercise-stimulated glucose uptake - regulation and implications for glycaemic control. / Sylow, Lykke; Kleinert, Maximilian; Richter, Erik A.; Jensen, Thomas Elbenhardt.
In: Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Vol. 13, No. 3, 2017, p. 133-148.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Exercise-stimulated glucose uptake - regulation and implications for glycaemic control
AU - Sylow, Lykke
AU - Kleinert, Maximilian
AU - Richter, Erik A.
AU - Jensen, Thomas Elbenhardt
N1 - CURIS 2017 NEXS 054
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Skeletal muscle extracts glucose from the blood to maintain demand for carbohydrates as an energy source during exercise. Such uptake involves complex molecular signalling processes that are distinct from those activated by insulin. Exercise-stimulated glucose uptake is preserved in insulin-resistant muscle, emphasizing exercise as a therapeutic cornerstone among patients with metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Exercise increases uptake of glucose by up to 50-fold through the simultaneous stimulation of three key steps: delivery, transport across the muscle membrane and intracellular flux through metabolic processes (glycolysis and glucose oxidation). The available data suggest that no single signal transduction pathway can fully account for the regulation of any of these key steps, owing to redundancy in the signalling pathways that mediate glucose uptake to ensure maintenance of muscle energy supply during physical activity. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms that regulate the movement of glucose from the capillary bed into the muscle cell and discuss what is known about their integrated regulation during exercise. Novel developments within the field of mass spectrometry-based proteomics indicate that the known regulators of glucose uptake are only the tip of the iceberg. Consequently, many exciting discoveries clearly lie ahead.
AB - Skeletal muscle extracts glucose from the blood to maintain demand for carbohydrates as an energy source during exercise. Such uptake involves complex molecular signalling processes that are distinct from those activated by insulin. Exercise-stimulated glucose uptake is preserved in insulin-resistant muscle, emphasizing exercise as a therapeutic cornerstone among patients with metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Exercise increases uptake of glucose by up to 50-fold through the simultaneous stimulation of three key steps: delivery, transport across the muscle membrane and intracellular flux through metabolic processes (glycolysis and glucose oxidation). The available data suggest that no single signal transduction pathway can fully account for the regulation of any of these key steps, owing to redundancy in the signalling pathways that mediate glucose uptake to ensure maintenance of muscle energy supply during physical activity. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms that regulate the movement of glucose from the capillary bed into the muscle cell and discuss what is known about their integrated regulation during exercise. Novel developments within the field of mass spectrometry-based proteomics indicate that the known regulators of glucose uptake are only the tip of the iceberg. Consequently, many exciting discoveries clearly lie ahead.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Energy metabolism
KW - Insulin signalling
KW - Metabolism
KW - Skeletal muscle
KW - Type 2 diabetes
U2 - 10.1038/nrendo.2016.162
DO - 10.1038/nrendo.2016.162
M3 - Review
C2 - 27739515
VL - 13
SP - 133
EP - 148
JO - Nature Reviews Endocrinology
JF - Nature Reviews Endocrinology
SN - 1759-5029
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 167924267