The adaptation of growth in response to dietary changes is essential for the normal development of all organisms. The insulin receptor (InR) signalling pathway controls growth and metabolism in response to nutrient availability. The elements of this pathway have been described, although little is known about the downstream elements regulated by this cascade. We identified calderón, a gene that encodes a protein with highest homology with organic cation transporters of the major facilitator superfamily, as a new transcriptional target of the InR pathway. These transporters are believed to function mainly in the uptake of sugars, as well as other organic metabolites. Genetic experiments demonstrate that calderón is required cell autonomously and downstream of the InR pathway for normal growth and proliferation of larval tissues. Our results indicate that growth of imaginal cells may be modulated by two distinct, but coordinated, nutrient-sensing mechanisms: one cell-autonomous and the other humoral.