For every breach of a binding contract, there must be some remedy. The gap-filling remedial structure of the 1980 Vienna Sales Convention (CISG) reflects the fact that all significant forms of remedial relief may be said to fall within three basic courses of action which modern legal systems make available to a party injured by a contractual breach: (1) specific relief, whereby the promisor is made to do what he or she promised; (2) substitutionary relief, whereby the breaching promisor is made to pay some amount of money to compensate the loss suffered by the promisee; (3) the right to terminate, which permits the injured party to put an end to the
contractual relationship.