Comparable effects of manure and its biochar on reducing soil Cr bioavailability and narrowing the rhizosphere extent of enzyme activities

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

  • Shibin Liu
  • Shengyan Pu
  • Daili Deng
  • Hongyan Huang
  • Chun Yan
  • Ma, Hui
  • Bahar S. Razavi

Chromium (Cr) contamination is especially hazardous to soil biota. Application of manure and biochar has been frequently proposed to remediate Cr-contaminated soil. However, the understanding of mechanisms behind manure and biochar impacts on soil enzyme activities requires advanced visualization technologies. For the first time, we compared manure and its biochar influence on the spatial distribution of β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and phosphomonoesterase activities in Cr-contaminated soil using direct zymography. Maize was planted for 45 days in (a) soil mixed with manure, (b) soil mixed with manure-derived biochar and (c) soil without any addition. Soil pH decreased over 45 days, inducing an increase in acid soluble Cr. The concomitant decrease in β-glucosidase and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activities explained the narrowing rhizosphere extent of enzyme activities by 13–44%, indicating that increased Cr bioavailability decreases microbial activities. A larger maize performance index and the greatest plant shoot/root ratio after biochar application suggested enhanced maize growth (p < 0.05). In contrast, manure induced the narrowest extent of β-glucosidase and phosphomonoesterase activities due to the addition of labile organic compounds and nutrients following its application. Our study emphasizes the importance of pH on Cr bioavailability and enzyme activities and demonstrates that biochar application is more ideally suited for remediating Cr-contaminated soil.

Original languageEnglish
Article number105277
JournalEnvironment International
Volume134
Pages (from-to)1-11
ISSN0160-4120
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2020

    Research areas

  • Biochar, Enzyme activities, Heavy metal, Manure, Rhizosphere, Soil contamination, Soil zymography

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