Analysis of dried blood spots is a feasible alternative for detecting ephedrine in doping control

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  • Sara Amalie Solheim
  • A Thomas
  • Thomas Kamm Ringsted
  • Mario Thevis
  • Andreas Breenfeldt Andersen
  • Henrik Holm-Sørensen
  • Nordsborg, Nikolai Baastrup
  • Jakob Mørkeberg

Dried blood spot (DBS) testing allows fast, easy, and minimally invasive collection of microvolumes of blood. In an anti-doping context, DBS testing has particular relevance for substances prohibited in-competition only such as ephedrine, which is currently detected by urine analysis, since DBS can add information about the blood drug concentrations during the in-competition period. Several collection methods and devices exist for DBS collection from different anatomical sites. Thus, agreements between concentrations of target analytes in DBS samples from different sampling sites, along with between DBS and those in conventional venous plasma samples, need to be evaluated. Herein, we collected matched upper-arm DBS, fingerprick DBS and venous plasma samples from 8 healthy, male subjects in an 8-hour period following oral administrations of 20 mg ('low dose') and 60 mg ('high dose') of ephedrine. We show that the use of alternative sampling sites and matrices are feasible possibilities for ephedrine analysis in doping control. We observed very good agreement between collection sites and that specificity and sensitivity can be upheld despite use of an alternative collection site. However, potential concentration differences between DBS and venous plasma should be considered, and distinct threshold might be necessary if implementing both blood matrices in ephedrine analysis.

Original languageEnglish
JournalDrug Testing and Analysis
Volume14
Issue number10
Pages (from-to)1685-1695
Number of pages11
ISSN1942-7603
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

    Research areas

  • Faculty of Science - Anti-doping, Dried blood spot, Ephedrine, Plasma, Sampling site

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